阅读专项

商务阅读考的不是词汇量，是"能不能在有限时间里取到需要的那句"。方法先于速度，速度来自重复。

已完成 0 / 0 项（0%）

四类题型的方法已读完，能说出各自的定位动作

练习 A（函电类）已完成，正确率 ≥ 3/4

练习 B（报告类）已完成，正确率 ≥ 3/4

练习 C（公告类）已完成，正确率 ≥ 3/4

已做一次限时训练：单篇 12 分钟以内读完并答题

所有错题的错因已归类（定位错／词义错／逻辑错／时间不够）

一、四步通用流程

步骤	动作	用时	目的
1	读首段全部＋各段首句	60 秒	建立文章骨架，知道每段讲什么
2	扫题干，圈出定位词（人名、数字、大写词、专有名词）	40 秒	带着钩子去读，不做无效通读
3	按题定位，读定位句及其前后各一句	主体	答案永远在定位句的三句窗口内
4	比对选项，排除"原文有词但逻辑不符"的项	20 秒/题	干扰项通常抄原文词、改逻辑

二、四类题型怎么打

主旨题what is the passage mainly about

看首段末句＋各段首句，不看你感兴趣的段落
排除三类：只覆盖一段的、过于宽泛的、原文没提的
正确项通常能"包住"全文，而不是复述某一处细节

细节题according to the passage

题干一定有定位词，先找词再读句，绝不凭记忆选
警惕同义改写：原文 grew by 6%，选项说 rose six percent，这是对的
警惕范围偷换：原文 some，选项 all；原文 may，选项 must

词义／指代题the word "X" refers to

回到原句，把四个选项逐个代进去，看哪个让句子成立
看上下文逻辑词：but 后取反，so 后取因果
指代题往前找最近的名词，注意单复数一致

推断题we can infer / the author implies

推断＝原文信息＋一步逻辑，不是自由联想
含 must / all / never 的选项多数错，含 may / likely 的多半对
找不到依据，就回去重读定位段，不要猜

三、练习 A · 函电类

Dear Mr Chen,

Thank you for your order of 12 August for 3,000 units of model TX-20. We regret to inform you that a fire at our component supplier's plant in Dongguan on 5 September has disrupted production. We have secured an alternative source of components, but they cost 8% more, and our line will need two additional weeks to catch up.

We can therefore deliver 1,200 units by 30 September as originally agreed, with the balance of 1,800 units following by 15 October. To compensate for the delay, we are prepared to absorb the additional component cost ourselves and to extend the warranty from 12 to 18 months.

Please confirm by 20 September whether this arrangement is acceptable. If a partial shipment creates difficulties for your own schedule, we can discuss airfreight for the balance, although we would ask you to share half of the extra freight cost.

Yours sincerely,
Li Wei

1. What is the main purpose of this letter?

A. To cancel an order　B. To explain a delay and propose a solution　C. To ask for a higher price　D. To complain about a supplier

答案与解析

B。信中先说明火灾导致生产中断，再给出分批交付与补偿方案，核心是"说明延误＋提方案"。

2. How many units will be delivered by 30 September?

A. 3,000　B. 1,800　C. 1,200　D. None

答案与解析

C。原文 "deliver 1,200 units by 30 September as originally agreed"，余下 1,800 件 10 月 15 日前交付。

3. The word "absorb" is closest in meaning to ______.

A. take in　B. bear financially　C. reduce　D. pass on

答案与解析

B。此处 absorb the additional cost 指"自行承担额外成本"，D 项 pass on（转嫁）正好相反。

4. What can be inferred about the airfreight option?

A. The seller will pay for it entirely　B. It is not available　C. Its extra cost would be shared equally　D. The buyer has already agreed to it

答案与解析

C。原文 "ask you to share half of the extra freight cost"，即各承担一半。

四、练习 B · 报告类

The latest retail survey suggests that the domestic coffee market grew by 6.2% in volume last year, well below the 11% recorded a year earlier. Value growth, however, held at 9.1%, indicating that consumers are trading up rather than buying more.

Chain stores continued to expand, opening 420 new outlets, while the number of independent shops fell by 3%. Online sales, still only 7% of the total, grew fastest at 24%.

Analysts warn that the market is approaching saturation in tier-one cities, where there are already 3.4 outlets per 10,000 residents — close to the level seen in Seoul. Future growth is therefore expected to come from lower-tier cities and from prepared drinks rather than packaged beans.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The failure of independent coffee shops　B. Trends and future prospects of the coffee market　C. Consumer habits in Seoul　D. The pricing strategy of chain stores

答案与解析

B。全文依次讲销量、结构、渠道与未来增长来源，属整体趋势与前景。

2. Value growth exceeded volume growth because consumers ______.

A. bought larger quantities　B. switched to cheaper brands　C. spent more per purchase　D. drank coffee more often

答案与解析

C。trading up 指"消费升级"，即单价更高，销量并未同比例增长。

3. Which channel grew fastest?

A. Chain stores　B. Independent shops　C. Online sales　D. None of the above

答案与解析

C。原文 "Online sales ... grew fastest at 24%"，注意其占比仍只有 7%，占比小不等于增速慢。

4. Future growth is expected to come from ______.

A. packaged beans in tier-one cities　B. new outlets in Seoul　C. prepared drinks and lower-tier cities　D. independent shops

答案与解析

C。末句明确："come from lower-tier cities and from prepared drinks rather than packaged beans"。

五、练习 C · 公告类

From 1 November, staff in the marketing and design departments will be allowed to work remotely up to two days a week, subject to the approval of their line managers. The policy is being introduced as a twelve-month trial, after which it will be reviewed.

Employees opting for remote work must be available online between 10:00 and 16:00 and attend the office on Tuesdays for team meetings. Those whose roles require access to confidential files will remain office-based.

The company has stressed that the arrangement is not an entitlement: managers may withdraw it where performance or collaboration suffers.

1. What is the notice about?

A. A new office building　B. A trial remote-working policy　C. Changes to working hours　D. A staff performance review

答案与解析

B。首句给出政策，第二句明确 twelve-month trial。

2. Remote workers must be in the office on ______.

A. Mondays　B. Tuesdays　C. Fridays　D. no fixed day

答案与解析

B。原文 "attend the office on Tuesdays for team meetings"。

3. "Subject to the approval of their line managers" means the arrangement ______.

A. is automatic　B. requires managerial consent　C. is decided by the HR department　D. applies to all departments

答案与解析

B。subject to 表示"以……为条件"，即须经直线经理批准。

4. By saying the arrangement "is not an entitlement", the company means ______.

A. it is a permanent right　B. it may be withdrawn　C. it is unpaid　D. it applies only to managers

答案与解析

B。冒号后解释："managers may withdraw it where performance or collaboration suffers"。

六、错题归档法

错因代码	含义	改法
L	定位错：找错了句子	重做该题，先圈定位词再读文
V	词义错：关键词不认识或译错	该词进术语库，第二天回看
X	逻辑错：被干扰项带偏	写下干扰项错在哪（范围／程度／主体）
T	时间不够：没读完就选	做限时训练，单篇 12 分钟

每道错题只写三行：题号＋错因代码＋正确依据的原文短语。超过三行就是抄书，没有用。

来源说明：三篇练习为按商务文体特征自建的教学材料，不是历年真题，也不来自指定教材。难度参照中级偏上商务语篇。

阅读的分数＝方法 × 重复次数。方法在本页，重复次数在你自己手里。